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The causes of toxic stress

Experiencing hard things, or ongoing difficult situations, also called adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), without the right support to heal can lead to toxic stress. Some ACEs that can cause toxic stress include:

Kids' toys.

Challenges at home

Caregiver, parent, loved one, or household member separation, divorce, incarceration, mental illness, substance use, or death

Instability

Worrying about having enough food, housing instability, migration or immigration, being a refugee, or seeking asylum

Discrimination and racism

Being treated unfairly based on race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, disabilities, or other factors

Violence

Witnessing violence or hearing harsh language, being a refugee, or experiencing war

Large environmental influences

Global pandemic, a natural disaster

Abuse

Experiencing and/or witnessing verbal, physical, or sexual abuse

Neglect

Not having physical or emotional needs met

Intergenerational and cultural trauma

Trauma like displacement, genocide of indigenous people, slavery, or the Holocaust, passed down through generations

Adult responsibilities

Caring for siblings or someone who’s sick or disabled, or being responsible for meals at a young age

What can parents do to help?

Know that hard things are part of life

Parents wish they could prevent bad things from ever happening, but there are some things we can’t control. We can make sure they feel nurtured, loved, resilient, and equipped to process and manage hard things.

Know that your child might need extra support

Everyday TLC is a great way to strengthen the bond with your child. But when they’ve gone through something traumatic, even the strongest kids might struggle if they try to get through it on their own. Learn how to give them the right kind of support or reach out to a specialist to help them overcome toxic stress and experience healthy growth.

What can you do to stop toxic stress?

The right support makes all the difference. By learning new ways of interacting with children, parents and caregivers can help kids cope and heal, and can even prevent toxic stress in the first place.

Find out how